Quality infrastructure is one of the critical requirements for growth and investment attraction in the region. Currently, there are several development projects such as the Gulu-Atiak highway and the Karuma hydro-electric power dam which are expected to benefit the region. However, much more needs to be done. Improved infrastructure supports business growth, opens access to markets and attracts Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Currently, infrastructure priorities include infrastructure for social services (health and education facilities) and physical infrastructure (roads, electricity, water for production, and Information Communication and Technology (ICT)).

While necessary, the required infrastructure improvements come at a financial cost. Public investments have to play a significant part. Understanding that funds for public financing to do this alone are severely lacking, there is need for both public and private sector investments. In many cases, the private sector can directly and independently invest, and in other instances investment can be done through Public Private Partnership (PPP) arrangements. To achieve inclusive development, improving infrastructure must be based on long-term economically viable projects, funded and implemented on schedule, coupled with quality assurance.

Corruption can be a significant hindrance to infrastructure improvements. In connection with Pillar1, there will be need to have increased accountability to ensure projects are completed as planned. Also, a cost-benefit analysis will need to accompany public and private partnerships and public infrastructure development to determine the economic and social value of projects. The development hypothesis for Pillar 2 is if human and physical infrastructures are improved then other sectors will be unlocked to promote increased private sector investment, productivity, jobs and increased income levels. Pillar 2 selected projects are provided